As a result of some of the rebellion’s victories in 66 CE and King Herod 2nd’s abdication to Syria, Roman power in Judea was crippled, and a provisional Judean government was formed. A few years later, after the Roman legions had crushed the zealots in Galilee, the remaining rebels fled to Jerusalem, where they staged a coup and overthrew the provisional government. The Zealots, however, were highly fractious, following not one leader, but three. Violence and in-fighting destroyed any chance the Jerusalemites may have had to outlast a Roman siege.
“A kingdom divided against itself” was a very clear reference to the situation in Jerusalem during the seven month siege. The following two sentences repeat the theme. Satan has risen up against himself and is divided. The last half appears to reference the end of the Jerusalem siege, when the Temple was stripped of goods and gold before being pushed into the valley below. The strong man, having been bound and arrested, will have his house plundered.